DOJ-OGR-00007420.pdf

--- Page 1 --- The image displays a page from a legal document, specifically a court case document. The page is labeled "Page 3" and features a header with the case number, document number, and filing date. Here is the extracted text: **Header:** * Case 1:20-cr-00330-PAE * Document 492 * Filed 11/22/21 **Page Number:** * Page 3 **Text:** * II. Applicable Law + Relevant evidence is "not confined to that which directly establishes an element of the crime." United States v. Gonzalez, 110 F.3d 941, 942 (2d Cir. 1997). As the Second Circuit has explained, "[t]o be relevant, evidence need only tend to prove the government's case, and evidence that adds context and dimension to the government's proof of the charges can have that tendency." Id. The Second Circuit has also repeatedly held that actions and statements are admissible as direct evidence of the crimes charged, and are "not considered other crimes evidence under" Federal Rule of Evidence 404(b), if (a) they "arose out of the same transaction or series of transactions as the charged offense," (b) they are "inextricably intertwined with the evidence regarding the charged offense," or (c) they are "necessary to complete the story of the crime on trial." United States v. Carboni, 204 F.3d 39, 44 (2d Cir. 2000); see also United States v. Quiñones, 511 F.3d 289, 309 (2d Cir. 2007); United States v. Baez, 349 F.3d 90, 93-94 (2d Cir. 2003). In those cases, the court has found that the evidence was relevant to the government's proof of the charged offense and was not being used to prove the defendant's bad character or propensity to commit crimes. **Footer:** * DOJ-OGR-00007420 Note that the text is presented in a formal, legal format, with citations and references to relevant court cases and statutes. The language is technical and specific, indicating that the document is a legal brief or opinion.