DOJ-OGR-00006847.pdf

--- Page 1 --- **Document Extraction** **Header:** Case 1:20-cr-00330-PAE Document 452-2 Filed 11/12/21 Page 12 of 45 **Table 1:** | Study | A agga and K sshaabaam (2005) | A ssga (2005) | | --- | --- | --- | | Purpose | The current study was to investigate the relationship between CSA and criminal behavior in a sample of South African men. The study aimed to explore the impact of CSA on criminal behavior, including the type and severity of crimes committed. | The study purpose was to examine the relationship between CSA and criminal behavior in a sample of South African men. The study aimed to investigate the impact of CSA on criminal behavior, including the type and severity of crimes committed. | **Summary:** Over half of the participants had not disclosed their abuse during the interview. Of those who did disclose, most reported the abuse occurred on more than one occasion. The majority of the participants reported that the abuse was perpetrated by a family member, with 50% reporting that the abuse was committed by a father or stepfather. **Findings:** * Four major themes emerged suggesting that CSA is a significant risk factor for criminal behavior. * The themes included: + Being blamed and/or not being believed + Being punished or not being supported + Being exposed to violence or not being protected + Being stigmatized or not being understood **Table 2:** | | | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **Criminal Behavior** | **Type of Crime** | **Severity of Crime** | **Number of Offenses** | **Age at First Offense** | **Age at Last Offense** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | **Conclusion:** The study found that CSA is a significant risk factor for criminal behavior in South African men. The findings suggest that CSA can have a lasting impact on an individual's life, leading to increased criminal behavior and decreased opportunities for rehabilitation. **Note:** * The study sample consisted of 1,737 cases of CSA reported in the North Durban area. * The study was conducted in 2005. **Page 12 of 45:** * The page number is located at the bottom right corner of the page. * The page contains a continuation of the study's findings and conclusions. **Handwritten Notes:** * None visible in the image. **Table 3:** | | | | | | | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **Criminal Behavior** | **Type of Crime** | **Severity of Crime** | **Number of Offenses** | **Age at First Offense** | **Age at Last Offense** | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | **Conclusion:** * The study found that CSA is a significant risk factor for criminal behavior in South African men. * The findings suggest that CSA can have a lasting impact on an individual's life, leading to increased criminal behavior and decreased opportunities for rehabilitation. **Note:** * The study sample consisted of 1,737 cases of CSA reported in the North Durban area. * The study was conducted in 2005. **Page 45:** * The page number is located at the bottom right corner of the page. * The page contains a continuation of the study's findings and conclusions.